Spiritual · Patan
Golden Temple and Patan's hidden bahals
A morning walk through Patan's Buddhist courtyards: the gilded Kwa Bahal, the terracotta Mahabouddha, Uku Bahal's crowded shrines and Kumbheshwar's five-tiered temple. We step through low doorways into courtyards most visitors walk past.

Patan has well over a hundred bahals and bahis, the courtyard monasteries of its Buddhist Newar families. We begin at Kwa Bahal, the Golden Temple, north of the Durbar Square. Its main shrine faces a courtyard of gilded roofs, bells and prayer wheels, and the boy priest on his month's duty sits beside it. Look up at the carved struts and the small figures of monkeys and guardians round the roofs.
Then we walk south and east to Mahabouddha, a tall shikhara covered in thousands of terracotta tiles, each moulded with a small Buddha. It is modelled on the Mahabodhi temple at Bodh Gaya and is easy to miss, hidden in a courtyard barely wider than itself. Next door, Uku Bahal has an extraordinary crowd of metal animals and shrines in its yard.
We finish in the north at Kumbheshwar, a Shiva temple with five roofs, and its pond, where Hindu and Buddhist practice sit side by side. On the way we stop at small chaityas and stone water spouts, and explain how the Buddhist and Hindu communities of Patan share festivals, gods and guthis.
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Questions
What is a bahal in Patan?
A bahal is a Newar Buddhist monastery built round a courtyard, with a main shrine facing the entrance and living quarters around it. Most are no longer celibate monasteries; Shakya and Bajracharya families live in them and look after the shrine. Patan has well over a hundred, many open for visitors to enter quietly.
Is there an entry fee for the Golden Temple Patan?
Yes, foreign visitors pay a small entry fee at the gate. Remove shoes and leather items such as belts before entering the inner courtyard. Photography is generally allowed in the courtyard but not of the inner shrine. Fees and rules change, so check current status before you travel.
Can I visit Patan's temples without a guide?
Yes, but many bahals sit behind unmarked doorways and a guide helps you find them and explains what you see. A good option is a guided morning for the courtyards, then exploring the Durbar Square and museum on your own with the museum's excellent labels.
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